When passing by a vehicle in the presented situation, are you obliged to exercise special caution and anticipate that someone from the bus may run into the roadway?

Yes, passing, especially a vehicle as large as a bus, requires exercising particular caution. The bus obstructs the view of the right side of the road and the verge, so there is a high risk that a pedestrian (e.g., a disembarking passenger) might suddenly step onto the roadway. In accordance with the principle of limited trust and Art. 23 para. 1 of the Road Traffic Act, in such a situation, you should slow down and be prepared to stop the vehicle immediately.